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Medical News Today: 11-18-2004

FDA Chief Counsel Daniel Troy Resigns
FDA chief counsel Daniel Troy resigned on Tuesday, the Newark Star-Ledger reports (Silverman, Newark Star-Ledger, 11/17)... click link for more info.

Public health plans 'an intrusion', says Ken Clarke, UK
The UK Government's white paper on public health is an "intrusion" into people's lives, former health minister and deputy chairman of British American Tobacco, Ken Clarke, has said... click link for more info.

Coronary heart disease - regional health problems, UK
Some regions of the UK have more than twice as acute a problem with coronary heart disease as others, according to research commissioned by the Guardian... click link for more info.

Mental illness combined with drug abuse soars, UK
The rate of mental illness combined with drug abuse has increased by 62 per cent in the last five years, according to research in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health... click link for more info.

No getting around RET
Researchers find no role for RET-independent GFR-alpha in development or regeneration - Neurons depend on external molecular signals for their very survival... click link for more info.

How receptors govern inflammatory pain
Researchers have shown in animal studies how receptors on nerve cells can become altered to produce chronic pain triggered by inflammation... click link for more info.

How running made us human
Endurance running let us evolve to look the way we do - Humans evolved from ape-like ancestors because they needed to run long distances - perhaps to hunt animals or scavenge carcasses on Africa's vast savannah - and the ability to run shaped our anatomy, making us look like we do today... click link for more info.

Imaging study finds a structural difference in the brains of cocaine addicts
A team led by researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) has used advanced imaging techniques to identify an unexpected structural difference in the brains of cocaine addicts... click link for more info.

Smoking is all down to your genes
Dutch researcher Jacqueline Vink has discovered that the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the level of nicotine dependence is largely down to a person's genes... click link for more info.

To weigh less, eat more
Two new Penn State studies show that people who pursue a healthy, low-fat, low-energy-density diet that includes more water-rich foods, such as fruits and vegetables, consume more food but weigh less than people who eat a more energy-dense diet... click link for more info.

Patients who are intubated prior to hospital arrival fare worse
Emergency medicine researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have found that patients with similar traumatic brain injuries who receive an emergency breathing tube at the scene of an accident fare worse than those intubated after arrival to the hospital... click link for more info.

Ultrasound-aided therapy better than stroke drug alone, trial finds
Using ultrasound in combination with the drug t-PA can improve response to an ischemic stroke, according to a study involving 126 patients... click link for more info.

All Chronic Sinusitis Is Not Created Equal, Study Finds
Not all congestion-producing, ear-popping, runny-nosed, headachy chronic rhinosinusitis infections are the same, researchers have found... click link for more info.

The elderly do not like switching doctors
Nearly nine out of ten seniors switch their primary care physicians because they are forced to - not by choice... click link for more info.

Why can some drink happily while others become alcoholics?
How is it that some of us can drink in moderation whereas others fall victim to the physical and psychosocial devastation that is chronic alcoholism? One idea is that chronic excessive alcohol intake results in a series of biochemical adaptations that result in addiction if allowed to proceed unchecked... click link for more info.

Calcium Channel Subtypes and Short-Term Synaptic Plasticity
Facilitation of transmitter release occurs with successive calcium channel openings, but the molecules mediating the phenomenon are still unclear... click link for more info.

Why Do Teenaers Smoke? Five Year Study
The University of Illinois at Chicago is leading a five-year research project funded by a $13 million National Cancer Institute grant to examine adolescent smoking patterns... click link for more info.

Abundance of myostatin in infected swine may result in reduced muscle mass
A study looking at chronic infectious respiratory diseases that affect most swine during their critical growing stage has shed new light on the reasons for restricted weight gain and reduced muscle mass... click link for more info.

Apples could protect against Alzheimer's, Parkinsonism, Cornell studies find
A group of chemicals in apples could protect the brain from the type of damage that triggers such neurodegenerative diseases as Alzheimer's and Parkinsonism, according to two new studies from Cornell University food scientists... click link for more info.

Concord grape juice increased HDL, lowered inflammatory marker linked to heart disease
Drinking Concord grape juice significantly increased HDL--the good cholesterol--and significantly lowered two markers of inflammation in people with stable coronary artery disease, according to results of a study presented in the November issue of the journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology... click link for more info.

Seeking better cancer treatments
EUREKA project E! 1948 SASTEREC and its follow-up E! 2705 SAMARDES carried out essential research with the human androgen receptor to understand the mechanism of the mode of action of androgens... click link for more info.

Scientist demonstrates basic active mechanism of immune-system cells
In the upcoming issue of Immunity, a highly regarded journal put out by the Cell group, Dr André Veillette, a scientist at the Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), and his team will publish the results of a study that could revolutionize the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as juvenile diabetes, lupus, and rheumatoid arthritis... click link for more info.

Studies on role of BRCA1 mutations in chemotherapy response
Loss of BRCA1 function is associated with sensitivity to DNA-damaging chemotherapy and may also be associated with resistance to taxane-based chemotherapy... click link for more info.

Small seasonal changes can lead to big flu outbreaks
McMaster researcher investigates why influenza epidemics happen in the winter - Flu season is on its way to homes across Canada... click link for more info.

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection Differs for Men and Women
The age-specific prevalence of sexually transmitted human papillomavirus infection in women differs substantially from that in men who have sex with men, according to a new study published in the December 15 issue of The Journal of Infectious Diseases, now available online... click link for more info.

Senator Larry Craig Calls for Passage of the Flu Protection Act
USA - At a hearing today on the nation's flu vaccine situation, US Senator Larry Craig (R-Idaho) called for quick action from the Food and Drug Administration to ensure adequate supplies for next year's flu season, and for passage of the Flu Protection Act he is cosponsoring with Sen... click link for more info.

No link between pneumonitis in breast cancer and taxane-based chemotherapies
Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have shown that breast cancer patients treated with taxane-based chemotherapies and radiation are not at increased risk of developing a dangerous lung condition involving the inflammation of lung tissue, pneumonitis, according to a study published in the Nov... click link for more info.

Brain's nicotine receptors also target for anti-depressants
The same receptors in the brain that are activated when a person smokes cigarettes also play a critical role in the effectiveness of antidepressants, according to a study by Yale researchers in the November issue of Biological Psychiatry... click link for more info.

Higher Levels of Selenium in Blood Associated With Decreased Risk of Colorectal Cancer
A new study finds that higher levels of selenium in the blood may be associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer... click link for more info.

Trial Compares Docetaxel to Paclitaxel for First-Line Treatment of Ovarian Cancer
The combination of docetaxel and carboplatin for first-line treatment of ovarian cancer appears to result in similar rates of survival compared with the current standard, paclitaxel and carboplatin--although the toxicities of the drugs are different--according to a new study... click link for more info.

Heartburn Medication May Reduce Tumor Resistance to Cytotoxic Drugs
Proton pump inhibitors--a type of heartburn medication--may be able to reverse tumor resistance to cytotoxic drugs such as cisplatin or 5-fluorouracil, according to a new study... click link for more info.

Reid unveils public health policy, UK
Sexual health clinics will have to provide appointments within 48 hours in a new drive to tackle rising rates of sexual transmitted infections, John Reid said today... click link for more info.

Human cloning licence subject of legal challenge against HFEA
The first British human cloning licence granted in August by the HFEA becomes the subject of a legal challenge as the HFEA are today served with an application for judicial review... click link for more info.

Complicated drug names and designs lead to serious prescription mistakes
Researchers who specialise in eye movement say that complicated drug names and intricate prescription drug designs cause pharmacists and patients to make serious mistakes... click link for more info.

Report shows mixed progress against child abuse, UK
There has been an improvement in protecting children from abuse but little progress in bringing sex abusers to justice, according to a new report... click link for more info.

Athletes and Plantar Fasciitis (Heel Pain)
Los Angeles Lakers star Kobe Bryant has been suffering from a sore foot and was recently diagnosed with plantar fasciitis, commonly known as heel pain... click link for more info.

Pharmavite Calls for Balanced Reporting on Vitamin E Analysis
Pharmavite, makers of Nature Made(R) vitamins and supplements said the conclusions drawn by Johns Hopkins researchers on vitamin E use and increased mortality risk are misleading because the researchers only looked at a select, limited group of studies... click link for more info.

Results on AMDL's DR-70(R) Cancer Test Showing High Sensitivity
AMDL, Inc (Amex: ADL), developer and marketer of tests for the early detection of cancer and other serious diseases, today announced that a new study by six researchers in the Medical Department, University Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany, determined that AMDL's DR-70(R) immunoassay "reliably differs between cancer patients and healthy controls... click link for more info.

Medicare Modernization Act: Lot of work left to do, USA
Describing the status of implementation of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 (MMA), a senior advisor and medical officer of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) concluded, "We have a lot of work ahead of us to get these 43 million seniors to access drugs through Medicare... click link for more info.

The Causes Of Acid Reflux Questioned
Acid reflux is common and one of the most frequent causes of indigestion... click link for more info.

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