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 Back to Eurekalert Medical and Health News Archives
Eurekalert Medical and Health News: 10-25-2004
The National Cancer Institute has awarded University of Georgia Journalism and Mass Communication professor Jeffrey Springston a $3 million grant to research the differences between promoting breast cancer screening by comparing the effectiveness of the use of CD-ROMs against person-to-person telephone consultations.
A gene involved in the action of insulin is associated with type 2 diabetes and the body's response to insulin, report scientists at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center.
A Rutgers College of Nursing faculty member, Rachel Jones, is conducting a pilot study to develop video vignettes for hand-held computers to reduce HIV sexual risk behavior in young women living in urban areas.
Insects and other invertebrates are the arena for the evolution of new infectious diseases in humans, new research shows. Scientists now believe that not only are insects the carriers of some existing diseases but they are also the vehicle where recently emerging highly infectious diseases, such as the plague that killed millions in the 14th and 17th centuries, evolve.
Results from five studies (DISCOVERY, COMETS, MERCURY I, URANUS, RADAR) involving more than 5,000 patients, presented at the XV International Symposium on Drugs Affecting Lipid Metabolism (DALM) provide further evidence of the outstanding efficacy of CRESTORTM (rosuvastatin) in treating key cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in patients with dyslipidaemia and either atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes or the metabolic syndrome.
Researchers at Jefferson Medical College have found a new way to coax bone marrow stem cells into becoming dopamine-producing neurons. If the method proves reliable, the work may ultimately lead to new therapies for neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, which is marked by a loss of dopamine-making cells in the brain.
Dr. Louis M. Kunkel, director of the Program in Genomics at Children's Hospital Boston and a well-known muscular dystrophy scientist, has received the major annual award given by the American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG). Kunkel was honored for nearly two decades of work on the genetics of muscular dystrophy. According to the ASHG, Kunkel's work is unique in that it covers the entire spectrum of genetics-based research - from identifying genes through finding therapies and making them work.
High levels of a protein called LRP6 can make cancer cells more aggressive, according to Washington University researchers affiliated with the Siteman Cancer Center. The protein's ability to enhance tumor development suggests that the gene that codes for LRP6 is an oncogene--a gene that contributes to tumor development when overactivated.
Europe has one of the highest incidence rates of ovarian cancer in the world, making it an important public health issue. A new large-scale study of ovarian cancer trends found that while it is declining in most northern European countries, it is increasing in a few southern and eastern European countries.
A team of scientists at The Scripps Research Institute has identified a potential treatment strategy against metastatic cancer cells that has never been tried before.
Women and Hispanics are less likely to undergo colorectal cancer (CRC) screening but improving their access to CRC screening may be as simple as educating doctors to make the recommendation and explain its impact to patients, according to a new study.
While breast cancer screening in rural America remains underutilized, barriers to screening mammography in poor, rural areas are marked by significant racial disparities, according to a new study.
Severe calorie restriction prevents certain aging-related changes in the brain, including the accumulation of free radicals and impairments in coordination and strength, according to a mouse study at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis. However, the dietary changes did not seem to prevent mice from developing some cognitive deficits associated with age, such as declines in memory.
A repetitive drop in blood oxygen levels in newborn rats, similar to that caused by apnea (brief pauses in breathing) in some human infants, is followed by a long-lasting reduction in the release of the brain neurotransmitter dopamine, according to an Emory University research study. Because dopamine promotes attention, learning, memory and a variety of higher cognitive functions, the researchers believe repetitive apnea during neonatal development may be one factor leading to the development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Researchers at the OHSU Oregon National Primate Research Center have identified a key gene that impacts the timing of puberty and can shorten the time span for reproduction. Using a mouse model, scientists determined that the absence in the brain's hypothalamus of a gene called TTF-1 causes a delay in the onset of female puberty. The work may be an important step in investigating both the delay and early onset of puberty in young women.
Johns Hopkins researchers have found that transplants of mouse stem cells taken from the adult brain's olfactory bulb can delay symptoms and death in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig's disease. They are scheduled to present their findings Oct. 24 at the annual meeting of the Society for Neuroscience in San Diego.
Scientists at the OHSU Oregon National Primate Research Center and the University of Pittsburgh report significant stress early in life can have varying lifelong impacts depending on the timing of the stress exposure. The research also demonstrates that the impact can become even more profound when coupled with stress in adulthood. In a related but separate study, the researchers also observed the importance of timing in initiating therapies meant to counteract the impacts of early-life stress.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have dispelled the widespread belief among obstetricians that, in premature infants, brain injury results from a lack of oxygen, also called hypoxia, when, in fact, infection plays a larger role.
A research team led by The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has found a potential new protein marker for prognosis of breast and ovarian cancer.
Significant stress early in life can have varying lifelong impacts depending on the timing of the stress exposure, according to a report from scientists at the University of Pittsburgh, OHSU Oregon National Primate Research Center and Emory University, and the impact can become even more profound when coupled with stress in adulthood.A related study found the impact of early life stress is counteracted if therapies are initiated at the right time.
Exercise prevents degeneration of nerve cells that are normally impaired or destroyed by Parkinson's disease, according to University of Pittsburgh studies in rodents. Based on their work, which was presented today at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience in San Diego, a small pilot study has been initiated in patients with Parkinson's to determine if regular exercise has an impact on the progression of their disease.
Researchers at the Boston Veterans Affairs Health Care System - Brockton Division, Harvard Medical School, and the University of Massachusetts-Boston are using new imaging technology to gather valuable information about the brains of people with schizophrenia. This new variety of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is called diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
Human primitive spinal cord cells delayed symptoms and paralysis by a week when implanted in the spinal cord of rats destined to develop amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig's disease, researchers from Johns Hopkins report.
Inebriated bees could give researchers better insight into alcohol's effects on human behavior, a new study suggests. "Alcohol affects bees and humans in similar ways - it impairs motor functioning along with learning and memory processing," said Julie Mustard, a study co-author and a postdoctoral researcher in entomology at Ohio State University.
Because the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been linked to many types of cancers, manipulation of the enzyme is considered an attractive anti-cancer strategy. Researchers now describe COX-2's harmful impact on key cells that result in the immune system's tolerance of deadly brain tumor cells. By blocking the enzyme's expression in gliomas before exposure to dendritic cells, COX-2's effects may be interrupted and a more effective immune response may be launched.
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