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 Back to Eurekalert Medical and Health News Archives
Eurekalert Medical and Health News: 11-16-2004
A potent antioxidant abundant in apples and some other fruits and vegetables appears to protect brain cells against oxidative stress, a tissue-damaging process associated with Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative disorders, according to a new study in rat brain cells conducted by researchers at Cornell University in New York. The study strengthens the theory that the risk of developing Alzheimer's may be reduced by dietary intervention, particularly by increasing one's intake of antioxidant-rich foods.
The same receptors in the brain that are activated when a person smokes cigarettes also play a critical role in the effectiveness of antidepressants.
An eight-year partnership of co-operation and research will lead to new treatments for prostate cancer and partial or complete androgen receptor insensitivity syndrome.
Many pediatricians know their patients use complementary and alternative therapies (CAM) to improve their health, yet most do not feel comfortable discussing or recommending these therapies, according to a study published in the November issue of Ambulatory Pediatrics.
Flu season is on its way to homes across North America. But the question of why influenza epidemics take place in the few cold months of winter remains unanswered. The answer may be extremely minute seasonal changes, says David Earn of McMaster University. Earn, who uses mathematical models to investigate and understand how infectious diseases move through populations, recently examined the question of why most people catch the flu in the winter.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins and the University of Texas Medical Branch have created a new tool that easily reveals when and where a key cellular signal is active. The development, described in the early edition of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, should speed identification of the signal's triggers and effects in normal processes and in conditions such as asthma, allergy, inflammation, lung disease and heart disease.
Why are old habits so hard to break? A new study suggests that over time, our bad habits (such as smoking cigarettes or over eating) become automatic, learned behaviors. Even if we consciously try to put new good intentions into place, those previously learned habits remain stronger in more automatic, unconscious forms of memory.
Combining radiation therapy with surgery and chemotherapy helps patients with rare forms of thyroid cancer live longer, according to a study published in the November 15, 2004, issue of the International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, the official journal of ASTRO, the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.
Designing devices to combat HIV and biosensors to aid in diagnostic health care will be among the presentations of two University of Houston professors at a gathering of the top nanotechnologists in the nation. The National Academies Keck Futures Initiative conference - .Designing Nanostructures at the Interface Between Biomedical and Physical Systems. - will bring together approximately 100 of the nation.s top researchers to discuss the emerging science of nanotechnology Nov. 19-21 in Irvine, Calif.
Sick days, disability, early retirement, and premature death of diabetic Americans born between 1931 and 1941 cost the country almost $133.5 billion by the year 2000, according to a new estimate by researchers with the University of Michigan (U-M) and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). This analysis is the first to identify the staggering financial impact of diabetes on the economy using a single, consistent source of data.
A Johns Hopkins study has found new evidence that the brains of some people with autism show clear signs of inflammation, suggesting that the disease may be associated with activation of the brain's immune system.
A new measurement tool called the computerized clinical vignette can help clinicians and policymakers assess and improve the quality of physician practice while potentially reducing costs, according to a study led by a researcher at the San Francisco VA Medical Center (SFVAMC).
Bismuth bullets, which became the primary form of bullets sold in Canada after lead shot was incrementally banned for environmental reasons between 1991 and 1999, may not be as non-toxic as originally thought, according to a new study.
Recent immigration, lack of partner support and pregnancy-induced hypertension are significant factors in predicting whether women will experience depressive symptoms soon after giving birth, says a University of Toronto researcher.
Physicians have known for decades that many premature babies suffer respiratory problems stemming from insufficiency of a lung substance called surfactant during their first few weeks of life. The standard treatment has been to provide replacement surfactant immediately after birth. A new study has found that even after infants begin producing their own surfactant, it often fails to function properly in premature infants who continue to have lung disease after their first week.
The 2004 GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Drug Discovery and Development Research Grants have recently been awarded to three scientists working on novel approaches to combat HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. The recipients, who will share equally in a total of $250,000 in grant monies, are: Yaoxing Huang, Ph.D., from the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center; Olaf Kutsch, Ph.D., from the University of Alabama at Birmingham; and Hugh D. Robertson, Ph.D., from the Weill Medical College of Cornell University.
Researchers are asking people throughout Britain to describe how happy they are with their lot in life to help improve the effect of the healthcare they receive.
The University of Virginia Health System has won a $1.2 million grant over five years from the National Institutes of Health to take islet cell transplantation to the next level. Earlier this year, U.Va. performed the first islet cell transplant in Virginia. The grant could increase the number of islet cell transplants performed at U.Va. in clinical trials in the coming years.
Nuclear imaging will play an increasing role in both the detection of atherosclerosis (coronary heart disease) and, more specifically, the composition of plaque build up that can block the flow of blood through an artery, according to reports published by the Society of Nuclear Medicine in the November issue of "The Journal of Nuclear Medicine."
A study presented today at the62nd Annual Meeting of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunologyshows that many patients with asthma continue to experience variability ofdisease control, despite strict adherence to treatment guidelines published bythe National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.(1) Variability in asthmacontrol leads to continued disease symptoms and increased resourceutilization, even when the disease is closely managed.
A study led by scientists at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has determined that a novel enzyme in sperm is essential for sperm motility and male fertility. The new study may offer a potential target for an effective, non-hormonal male contraceptive.
Most people had not heard of ubiquitin until recently when the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three scientists for their groundbreaking work on the subject. Researchers at Tufts have been researching the role of ubiquitin in eye health since 1982. Adolescent boys, fat intake and nutrition labels: nutrition labels are generally recognized as a good education tool because they enable consumers to make healthy food choices. But what if reading the nutrition labels doesn't help everyone?
Brian P. Sorrentino, M.D., of St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, has won a prestigious award from the International Society of Experimental Hematology. Sorrentino, director of the St. Jude Experimental Hematology division, won the 2005 ISEH McCulloch and Till Lecturship and Award, which was established to recognize the contributions of younger investigators in the field.
Charles P. O'Brien, MD, PhD, Vice Chair, Department of Psychiatry and Director, Center for the Study of Addictions at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and Director of Psychiatric Research at the Philadelphia Veteran's Administration Medical Center (VAMC), has been invited by the Academisch Medisch Centrum (Academic Medical Center) and the University of Amsterdam in Holland to present The Anatomy Lesson - a tradition dating back to the 16th century.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), today announced a joint influenza genome sequencing project with several scientific partners. The project will help researchers understand how flu viruses evolve, spread and cause disease. According to its leaders, it has the potential to minimize the impact of annual flu outbreaks and to improve scientific knowledge of the emergence of pandemic flu viruses.
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