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Eurekalert Medical and Health News: 02-17-2005

Brain activity of men and women during hostile or impulsive acts differs less on nicotine
UC Irvine researchers have uncovered significant differences in the brain activity of men and women when engaged in a broad range of activities and behavior -- differences that are even more acute during impulsive or hostile acts.

Can genes help prevent cancer - or increase your risk?
What: .National Cancer Institute (NCI)-designated Comprehensive Cancer Centers Science Writers' Seminar Series in Los Angeles: Knowledge about cancer genetics is rapidly expanding, with implications for all aspects of cancer management, including prevention, screening, and treatment.

Advances in Uterine Leiomyoma Research: 2nd NIH International Congress
The National Institutes of Health will host "Advances in Uterine Leiomyoma Research: 2nd NIH International Congress" on February 24 - 25. This conference will bring together researchers working in the fields of biomedicine, epidemiology, basic research, therapeutics, and translational medicine to foster an exchange of scientific information among members of the uterine leiomyoma (fibroids) research and health care communities.

Viagra used in stroke recovery study
Henry Ford Hospital has launched a safety study using the drug Viagra to determine if it can help patients recover from a stroke.The study, launched this week and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, aims to help individuals regain or improve motor and speech skills as well as cognitive thinking. Viagra, or sildenafil, is a commonly prescribed drug for erectile dysfunction.

'Marital strain' increases women's risk of death, heart disease
Married women who avoid conflict with their spouses have an increased risk of dying from any cause, researchers report today at the Second International Conference on Women, Heart Disease and Stroke.

Changing chemistry helps explain estrogen threat to the heart
.A piece of the topical puzzle of how estrogen goes from protecting women from heart disease to apparently increasing their risk later in life may have been found.

International gathering of experts to share retinoblastoma breakthroughs
Experts in the fields of retinoblastoma research and treatment will gather to update colleagues on the latest developments in these fields during a two-day symposium April 28-29 at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital in Memphis.

Common virus becomes a new target for cancer treatment
A typically innocuous virus found in 90 percent of people worldwide is the key to a new treatment for a cancer particularly common in North Africa and Southeast Asia. A new study showing that antigens produced by the Epstein Barr virus may provide an ideal target for therapy will be published in the March 1, 2005, issue of Blood, the official journal of the American Society of Hematology.

Researchers track program's success in curbing aggressive behavior
Researchers at the University of South Florida found that a first-grade prevention program, the "Good Behavior Game," curbs violent behavior among students well into adolescence.

Columbia scientists identify potential therapy for kidney failure
Columbia University Medical Center researchers have identified a protein that may provide a powerful new therapeutic tool for fighting kidney failure. The research, which is published in the March issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation, shows that injection of a protein, known as Ngal, can protect mice from renal failure, suggesting its great potential as a therapeutic tool for humans.

New book looks at ecosystem of mucous membranes
A new book from ASM Press highlights the codependent relationship that has evolved between mammals and microbes in the mucous membranes.

American Chemical Society meeting March 13-17 features wide variety of new research
From analyzing the popular margarita cocktail to introducing a new method for fighting Type 2 diabetes and lowering cholesterol, chemists will present their latest findings at the 229th national meeting of the American Chemical Society in San Diego, March 13-17. The world-wide lineup of scientists will feature presentations on research in health, medicine, food, agriculture, energy, materials, nanotechnology, biotechnology, green chemistry and the environment.

Inherited gene may increase risk for prostate cancer by 50%
A single gene variant may increase a man's risk of prostate cancer by 50%, according to a new study led by researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine and published this week in Cancer Research.

Merck CEO Raymond Gilmartin to lecture at NJIT
Raymond V. Gilmartin, chairman, president and chief executive officer of Merck and Co., Inc., will visit New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) on Feb. 23 to deliver a lecture titled "A Prescription for Change in U.S. Health Care."

PENN begins clinical trial of newest technology to treat thoracic aortic aneurysms
A clinical trial is underway at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP) to study the safety and effectiveness of an endovascular medical device to treat life-threatening thoracic aortic aneurysms. Ronald Fairman, MD, Chief of Vascular Surgery at HUP, is leading the study at Penn and is one of 35 principal investigators in North America to participate in this landmark trial.

Are IVF embryos starved of a vital ingredient?
A lack of growth factors in the culture medium in which IVF embryos are grown could have life-long health effects on those conceived in this way. That is the implication of a mouse study by Australian researchers. The study found that mouse embryos grown without growth factors were smaller at birth than those conceived naturally and the males had smaller brains. While mouse embryos grown in a culture containing growth hormones completely eliminated these differences.

Florida Tech scientist wins patent for device to deliver X-ray irradiation
Florida Tech and Dr. Kunal Mitra, Florida Tech associate professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering, have just been assigned a U.S. patent for an x-ray delivery device which can be used for arterial irradiation following balloon angioplasty.

Hormone therapy controversy raises drug safety issues
The history of hormone therapy drugs - once thought of as almost magic pills to keep women healthy, vital and young - shows why it is so important to conduct research studies to identify the risks and benefits of drugs, say researchers from Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center.

'EuroVacc 02' HIV vaccine trial begins in February 2005
The European Vaccine Effort against HIV/AIDS, today announced that a phase I clinical trial of novel investigational vaccines comprising DNA-HIV-C and NYVAC-HIV-C for the prevention of HIV infection has started in Lausanne and London.

Novel sulfide-binding mechanism found in deep-sea tubeworms
The discovery that zinc contained in the hemoglobin of deep-sea tubeworms is used to bind and transport nutrients to symbiotic bacteria will be published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science during the week of 14 February 2005. Further research with the hemoglobin could lead to its use in a variety of ways, including as an artificial substitute for oxygen carriers in human blood.

Biotech science thriving but the business needs intensive care
Global healthcare spending exceeds $3 trillion of which pharmaceuticals account for approximately $250 billion. The European Commission sees life sciences and biotechnology as the next wave of the knowledge-based economy. By 2020 Europe will be the world's top knowledge economy says the architect of the Lisbon Agenda, Jose Mariana Gago, speaker at a major conference on the Evolution of the Life Science Industries later this month.

Immediate access to antibiotics stems spread of sexually transmitted diseases
In an editorial to be published in the New England Journal of Medicine, researchers at Johns Hopkins offer their support for a study which shows that providing faster, more direct access to antibiotics for partners of newly infected patients reduces re-infection rates and spread of sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonorrhea and Chlamydia, compared to standard practice.

Radiologists offer non-surgical treatment for early-stage liver cancer
Radiofrequency (RF) ablation offers an effective first-line treatment for some liver cancer patients who are excluded from surgery, according to two studies appearing in the March issue of the journal Radiology.

Critical role in programmed cell death identified
Dartmouth Medical School geneticists have found links in the cell death machinery of worms and mammals, opening new avenues for studying and targeting a process vital to development and implicated in cancer and autoimmune diseases.

Young blood revives aging muscles, Stanford researchers find
A study in the Feb. 17 issue of Nature shows that it's old blood that keeps the muscles down.The study, led by Thomas Rando, MD, PhD, associate professor of neurology and neurological sciences at the Stanford University School of Medicine, built on previous work showing that old muscles have the capacity to repair themselves but fail to do so.

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