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 Back to Eurekalert Medical and Health News Archives
Eurekalert Medical and Health News: 12-29-2004
Dwight L. Evans, MD, Professor and Chairman of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, has earned the 2004 Award for Research in Mood Disorders from the American College of Psychiatrists. This award - which honors an individual or individual whose group has made major contributions to the understanding and treatment of mood disorders - is presented annually.
Prostate cancer patients with high risk cancers who are treated with both internal and external radiation and hormone treatment have a better chance of beating the disease than patients treated with radiation alone, according to a new study published in the January 1, 2005, issue of the International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics, the official journal of ASTRO, the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology.
The Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Questionnaire (PCOSQ) is described in the December issue of the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. One of the authors of the article, "Health-Related Quality of Life in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Validation of a Self Administered Questionnaire," is Ricardo A. Azziz, MD, MPH, MBA, Chair of Cedars-Sinai's Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Director of the Center for Androgen-Related Disorders, and Executive Director of the Androgen Excess Society, an international research organization.
The current issue of JRRD includes articles that focus on the multidisciplinary field of rehabilitation medicine, including a comparison of male veterans to other male residents of community nursing homes, a description of a new test for evaluating tinnitus pitch and loudness, a molecular study of osseointegration, the effect of walking speed on gait, and a study that is the first to use physical and emotional health status to measure a person's disability.
Overweight and obese women who take oral contraceptives are 60 percent to 70 percent more likely to get pregnant while on the birth-control pill, respectively, than women of lower weight.
Triple-drug antiretroviral regimens that are widely used in the United States and Europe against one HIV-1 subtype appear to be effective in South African patients infected with a different HIV-1 subtype who also have tuberculosis (TB) or Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), according to a study published in the Feb.1 issue of The Journal of Infectious Diseases, now available online.
Dr. Andrzej Dlugosz and colleagues at the University of Michigan and the National Cancer Institute have examined the functions of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway in basal cell carcinoma, the most common form of cancer, and have uncovered a subset of tumor cells that are resistant to inhibition of the Hh pathway. This new finding has important implications for the treatment of this widespread disease.
A new Mayo Clinic study has for the first time established rates of restless legs syndrome in children, finding that almost 6 percent of children seen in Mayo's sleep clinic have the disease. The study, published in this month's issue of Annals of Neurology, also notes that the most common risk factors for the disease in kids are family history of restless legs syndrome and iron deficiency.
One of the nation's leading cardiovascular medical researchers has issued a call for less aggressive direct-to-consumer advertising and better safety assurances of medications in a special article posted online today by JAMA because of its relevance to the recent withdrawals and warning labels on the pain-relieving drugs known as COX-2 inhibitors. The article will be published in a print edition of JAMA in early 2005.
A dietary staple of India, where Alzheimer's disease rates are reportedly among the world's lowest, holds potential as a weapon in the fight against the disease, according to a new UCLA-Veterans Affairs study.
Oregon Health & Science University researcher calls for U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to share more information provided by pharmaceutical companies regarding their clinical drug trials. This would provide health care providers, researchers and the public with a more balanced and complete view of the efficacy and safety of our drugs, he says, and should ultimately benefit the public health.
Pfizer Inc announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of its extended-spectrum antifungal VFEND. (voriconazole; IV for injection, tablets, and oral suspension) for the treatment of candidemia in nonneutropenic patients (those without low white blood cell counts) and the following Candida infections: disseminated (deep tissue) infections in skin and infections in abdomen, kidney, bladder wall, and wounds.
Elderly women with cervical cancer face double jeopardy. Not only does their advanced age decrease chances of survival, it also decreases the likelihood that they'll be given the most aggressive treatments for their disease, according to a study by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.
Genes that control the size and complexity of the brain have undergone much more rapid evolution in humans than in non-human primates or other mammals, according to a new study by Howard Hughes Medical Institute researchers. The accelerated evolution of these genes in the human lineage was apparently driven by strong selection.
Individuals with either calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate kidney stones should not take extra calcium on their own as suggested by previous research, but should check with their doctors to determine the dietary guidelines that work best for them, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas have found.
The largest single collection of biosamples and data is now available for research on the genetic causes of kidney disease in type 1 diabetes.
The January 2005 issue of the Journal of the American Dietetic Association contains research articles including a study on the top dietary sources of caffeine and the use of dietary supplements for children with chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
Shigeo Hayashi (Group Director, Laboratory for Morphogenetic Signaling) and colleagues at the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology (Kobe, Japan) have identified the means by which unstimulated cells protect the Notch receptor from activation.
Obesity may impose a smaller healthcare cost on African-Americans than other demographic groups, according to a study led by researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (BIDMC) that found spending on obesity-related problems becomes progressively higher as adults grow older.
Findings reported this week reveal how an evolutionary innovation involving the sharing of genes between two ant species has given rise to a deep-seated dependency between them for the survival of both species populations. The new work illustrates how genetic exchange through interbreeding between two species can give rise to a system of interdependence at a high level of biological organization--in this case, the production of worker ants for both species.
This week, researchers report new findings that elucidate the role of NOD2, a key molecular player in Crohn's Disease, in the cellular signaling pathways that control inflammatory responses. NOD2's clinical relevance is clear from the fact that it is encoded by a Crohn's Disease susceptibility gene. Understanding NOD2 has posed a particularly intriguing challenge for researchers because it appears able to somehow both activate and inhibit inflammatory cytokine responses in the cell.
An Oregon Health & Science University-led development of a technique for identifying control elements that drive the expression of genes in brain cells could unleash the disease-fighting potential of the much-hailed human genome. Scientists at the OHSU Vollum Institute are calling the approach a significant advance in understanding the genome and say it could give a critical boost to the new era of genomic discovery set forth with the Human Genome Project's completion last year.
A widespread tobacco industry marketing strategy - sponsoring social events and giving out free cigarettes at bars, clubs, and college parties - is reaching students and may be encouraging them to take up smoking.
MDCT angiography can potentially help determine which patients with narrowed carotid arteries are at greater risk of having a stroke, a new study shows. This information could help identify which patients need surgery and which can be treated with less invasive procedures.
Women who have their breast cancers detected by physical examinations are at least twice as likely to undergo toxic treatments than those who have their cancer detected by mammography--regardless of the age of the woman, a new study shows.
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